Upconversion nanoparticles exhibit unique optical properties, making them attractive for applications in bioimaging, sensing, and disease management. However, their potential toxicity remains a significant concern. This review aims to provide a in-depth analysis of the toxicity linked with upconversion nanoparticles. It investigates various aspects

Zinc oxide is a mineral renowned for its remarkable strength to safeguard delicate skin. This soothing component has long been utilized in a number of skincare products, from sunscreens to diaper rash creams, due to its exceptional protective characteristics. Establishing a physical barrier on the skin's exterior, zinc oxide effectively blocks ha